Certified Arborist Practice Exam

What is the defect called when the lower part of the branch attachment is removed or altered during pruning?

1. Subordination

2. Branch collar

3. Included Bark

4. Lion-tailing

The correct answer is: Subordination

The defect that occurs when the lower part of the branch attachment is removed or altered during pruning is referred to as subordination. This term describes the practice of intentionally pruning branches to reduce their growth and importance compared to other parts of the tree. When a branch is subordinated, it can affect the overall health and structure of the tree. This technique is often employed to manage tree shape and encourage growth in desired areas. In this context, understanding subordination is essential for arborists, as it affects not just the aesthetics of the tree but also its structural integrity and long-term health. Adequate knowledge about how to implement subordination effectively is crucial in arboriculture, ensuring that trees remain stable and have a well-defined structure. The other options, while relevant to tree health and pruning practices, do not describe the specific defect caused by altering the lower part of a branch attachment. For example, a branch collar is a natural structure that aids in the healing of pruning wounds, included bark refers to a defect that can occur when new growth encircles an old branch, and lion-tailing is a practice where the inner foliage of a branch is removed, which can lead to reduced resource allocation to the branch and other issues.